What does archaeology primarily focus on?

Archaeology primarily focuses on investigating the material remains of past human life. This field seeks to understand how people lived, what they valued, and how they interacted with their environment by examining artifacts, structures, and other physical evidence left behind. These material remains can include tools, pottery, food remains, and architectural features, which together provide insights into the daily lives, cultural practices, and social structures of ancient populations.

This approach allows archaeologists to piece together historical narratives and understand the evolution of human societies over time. By analyzing these relics, archaeology contributes to a broader understanding of human history and prehistory, beyond what can be learned from written records alone.

The other areas mentioned, such as studying living cultures or researching modern genetics, are more aligned with sociocultural anthropology or biological anthropology, respectively. While those fields offer valuable insights into human behavior and evolution, they do not focus primarily on the material remnants of past societies, which is the essence of archaeological inquiry.