What is the study of ancient diseases in human remains called?

The study of ancient diseases in human remains is known as paleopathology. This field specifically focuses on the examination of skeletal remains to identify signs of disease, trauma, and overall health in past populations. Paleopathologists utilize this information to understand the health and medical practices of ancient societies, as well as how diseases have evolved over time.

By analyzing various aspects of bones and tissues, paleopathology sheds light on the prevalence of certain diseases, nutritional deficiencies, and the impact of environment and lifestyle on health in historical contexts. This practice requires a careful and detailed approach, often involving collaboration with other disciplines such as archaeology, anthropology, and medicine.

Healthcare anthropology and medical anthropology deal more broadly with health-related issues within contemporary and historical contexts but do not focus specifically on the analysis of ancient remains. Cultural anthropology, while it examines various aspects of cultures, such as rituals and social structures, also does not specifically address ancient diseases in human remains. Thus, paleopathology is the precise term used to refer to the study that directly examines ancient diseases through the analysis of skeletal and mummified remains.