Which branch of anthropology studies modern human behavior?

Cultural anthropology is the branch of anthropology that focuses on the study of modern human behavior. It examines the diverse ways in which cultures shape human experiences, social practices, beliefs, and behaviors in contemporary societies. By analyzing cultural norms, values, rituals, and social interactions, cultural anthropologists can understand how individuals and groups navigate their world today.

The other branches of anthropology serve different purposes. Physical anthropology primarily investigates human biological diversity and evolution, encompassing studies of human anatomy, genetics, and the fossil record. Linguistic anthropology focuses on the relationship between language and culture, exploring how language influences social life and affects communication. Archaeological anthropology, on the other hand, studies past human societies through material remains, aiming to reconstruct ancient behaviors and cultures rather than examining modern ones. This distinct focus of cultural anthropology on contemporary human behavior makes it the correct choice for this question.