Which branch of anthropology studies the construction and use of language by human societies?

Linguistic anthropology is the branch of anthropology that specifically focuses on the relationship between language and culture. It examines how language influences social life, cultural practices, and the identity of individuals and groups. This field explores not only the structure and evolution of languages but also how language is employed in various social contexts, reflecting values, beliefs, and social relationships within human societies.

By analyzing language use in everyday conversation, rituals, storytelling, and other forms, linguistic anthropologists understand how communication shapes our understanding of the world and drives human behavior. They might investigate how specific language practices can signal social status, create group cohesiveness, or serve as a means of resistance against dominant cultural narratives.

In contrast, cultural anthropology generally explores the broader aspects of cultures, including customs, traditions, rituals, and social structures, without a specific focus on language. Archaeological anthropology investigates past human societies through material remains, while social anthropology looks at social structures and relationships in contemporary societies. Linguistic anthropology thus provides a vital lens through which to study and understand the unique role of language in shaping human experiences and cultural dynamics.