Which concept asserts that catastrophic events reset ecosystems by wiping out existing life forms?

The concept that asserts catastrophic events reset ecosystems by wiping out existing life forms is known as Catastrophism. This theory suggests that the earth has been shaped by a series of sudden, short-lived, and significant events, such as natural disasters, which dramatically alter or reset ecosystems. Catastrophism contrasts with gradual processes, emphasizing that large-scale changes can occur rapidly in the geological context.

This notion plays a significant role in the understanding of extinction events and their impact on biodiversity. For instance, the theory aligns with ideas about mass extinctions that have occurred throughout history, leading to a rebirth of ecosystems with different dominant species. The importance of Catastrophism lies in its recognition that the history of life on Earth includes periods of sudden and catastrophic change, resulting in new evolutionary pathways for the survivors of such events.