Who independently formulated ideas on natural selection while in Malaysia?

Alfred Russell Wallace is known for independently formulating ideas on natural selection during his time in Malaysia. He conducted extensive research on the biodiversity of the region and collected a vast amount of data on species variation. Wallace's observations led him to the conclusion that species evolve over time through a process that favors individuals with traits better suited to their environments. This concept aligned closely with Charles Darwin's theories, and Wallace is often recognized for his role in co-developing the theory of natural selection.

Wallace's contribution was significant because it prompted Darwin to present his own findings and the theory of natural selection more publicly. This collaborative aspect highlights how scientific development can occur independently among researchers who are examining similar phenomena in different contexts.

The other figures mentioned, while influential in their own rights, were focused on different aspects of biology or natural philosophy that did not revolve around natural selection as it relates to evolution.