Who is known for outlining the heliocentric notion of the universe?

Nicolaus Copernicus is recognized for proposing the heliocentric model of the universe, which states that the sun, rather than the Earth, is at the center of the universe. This revolutionary idea emerged during the Renaissance, challenging the long-standing geocentric view that placed the Earth at the center. Copernicus's work laid the groundwork for modern astronomy and significantly influenced subsequent thinkers, including Galileo Galilei, who provided observational support for the heliocentric theory.

The heliocentric model was detailed in Copernicus's landmark publication, "De revolutionibus orbium coelestium" (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres), where he articulated how the planets, including Earth, orbit around the sun. This shift in understanding marked a pivotal moment in science and our comprehension of the universe's structure. Consequently, Copernicus is often referred to as the father of modern astronomy due to his critical role in this paradigm shift.